Brief Introduction
Nam Ou River originates from the border mountain striding Jiangcheng County, Yunnan Province and Phongsaly Province, Laos. It is the largest tributary of Mekong River in the north of Laos. It flows through Phongsaly Province and Luang Prabang Province. It has a basin area of 26,079 km2, a river length of 475 km and a natural drop of 430 m. The total installed capacity of the Nam Ou Cascade Hydropower Project is 1272 MW, which is developed in two phases. The first phase of the project (Nam Ou Ⅱ,Ⅴ,Ⅵ HPP) with a total installed capacity of 540 MW, entered commercial operation period in January 2017. The second phase of the project (Nam Ou Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ HPP) with a total installed capacity of 732MW, entered commercial operation period in September 2021. The project construction period is 4 years and the concession period is 29 years.
The Nam Ou Ⅰ HPP has an installed capacity of 180MW and adopts concrete sluice dam (the maximum dam height is 52.5m). The Nam Ou Ⅱ HPP has an installed capacity of 120MW, and adopts concrete sluice dam (the maximum dam height is 52m). The Nam Ou Ⅲ HPP has an installed capacity of 210MW and adopts concrete gravity dam (maximum dam height of 59.5m). The Nam Ou Ⅳ HPP has an installed capacity of 132MW, and adopts concrete dam (the maximum dam height is 60.25m). The Nam Ou Ⅴ HPP has an installed capacity of 240MW and adopts concrete gravity dam (the maximum dam height is 74m). The Nam Ou Ⅵ HPP power station installed capacity is 180MW,Composite geomembrane face rockfill dam (maximum dam height 85m). The Nam Ou Ⅶ HPP has an installed capacity of 210MW and adopts concrete face rockfill dam (maximum dam height of 143.5m).
In order to improve the accuracy of water situation forecast, an automatic water situation measurement and reporting system for the whole basin has been established, including 1 central water situation station, 12 remote hydrological stations, 28 remote water level stations and 30 remote rainfall stations. It is the largest automatic water situation measurement and reporting system with the widest coverage area in Laos. It is known as the "eye" of the Nam Ou River Basin. It has built Laos' first intelligent multi-objective joint dispatch system and centralized control center for river basins, realizing digital information-based dispatch of river basins, facilitating regional power grid interconnection and power grid stability, and filling many technical gaps in the field of hydropower in Laos.
The Nam Ou Ⅰ HPP has an installed capacity of 180MW and adopts concrete sluice dam (the maximum dam height is 52.5m). The Nam Ou Ⅱ HPP has an installed capacity of 120MW, and adopts concrete sluice dam (the maximum dam height is 52m). The Nam Ou Ⅲ HPP has an installed capacity of 210MW and adopts concrete gravity dam (maximum dam height of 59.5m). The Nam Ou Ⅳ HPP has an installed capacity of 132MW, and adopts concrete dam (the maximum dam height is 60.25m). The Nam Ou Ⅴ HPP has an installed capacity of 240MW and adopts concrete gravity dam (the maximum dam height is 74m). The Nam Ou Ⅵ HPP power station installed capacity is 180MW,Composite geomembrane face rockfill dam (maximum dam height 85m). The Nam Ou Ⅶ HPP has an installed capacity of 210MW and adopts concrete face rockfill dam (maximum dam height of 143.5m).
In order to improve the accuracy of water situation forecast, an automatic water situation measurement and reporting system for the whole basin has been established, including 1 central water situation station, 12 remote hydrological stations, 28 remote water level stations and 30 remote rainfall stations. It is the largest automatic water situation measurement and reporting system with the widest coverage area in Laos. It is known as the "eye" of the Nam Ou River Basin. It has built Laos' first intelligent multi-objective joint dispatch system and centralized control center for river basins, realizing digital information-based dispatch of river basins, facilitating regional power grid interconnection and power grid stability, and filling many technical gaps in the field of hydropower in Laos.
Dam Safety Monitoring
The project has established a sound dam monitoring system. Employed dam safety monitoring experts, regularly studied the monthly dam safety monitoring report, timely carried out on-site inspections, and investigated safety risks through safety monitoring. Nam Ou Ⅵ HPP composite geomembrane full section softrock rockfill dam is currently the world's highest (85m) composite geomembrane rockfill dam with the largest proportion of soft rock fill (81% of fill). A systematic geomembrane monitoring system has been established for the first time, and a single beam is used to detect the underwater terrain within 5m upstream from the bottom of the geomembrane. Image sonar and underwater unmanned vehicle are utilized for underwater investigation. In the 150m grade concrete faced soft rock filled dam of Nam Ou VII HPP, a combination of level meter and flexible inclinometer is used to monitor the deflection of concrete panels, a wireless intelligent acquisition system is installed on a pilot basis, and the dam safety assessment technology based on BIM and VR/AR is studied.
The project attaches great importance to the prevention of safety risks. It carries out the risk analysis of dam break of power stations in the whole basin, and develops a joint emergency action plan. Once the dam breaks, with the characteristics of short time, large peak value and concentrated flood volume, it may have adverse effects on the downstream and surrounding areas. The impact analysis of dam break during the construction period is carried out, and the downstream emergency dispatching scheme is proposed. In accordance with the dispatching principle of "electric regulation is subordinate to water regulation, water regulation service construction, and dam safety is the bottom line", the whole basin is deployed for flood control and flood control, the joint inspection of phase I and Phase II projects is carried out, and the comprehensive drill mode of "remote + video, real operation + desktop" is innovatively adopted. Under the premise of ensuring the safe flood control of upstream reservoirs, the regulation and storage capacity of upstream reservoirs is maximized. It may reduce the flood peak of the downstream river, improve the safety guarantee of the project, strengthen the communication with the local, guide public opinion, and reduce the risk of flood control and dam break.
The project attaches great importance to the prevention of safety risks. It carries out the risk analysis of dam break of power stations in the whole basin, and develops a joint emergency action plan. Once the dam breaks, with the characteristics of short time, large peak value and concentrated flood volume, it may have adverse effects on the downstream and surrounding areas. The impact analysis of dam break during the construction period is carried out, and the downstream emergency dispatching scheme is proposed. In accordance with the dispatching principle of "electric regulation is subordinate to water regulation, water regulation service construction, and dam safety is the bottom line", the whole basin is deployed for flood control and flood control, the joint inspection of phase I and Phase II projects is carried out, and the comprehensive drill mode of "remote + video, real operation + desktop" is innovatively adopted. Under the premise of ensuring the safe flood control of upstream reservoirs, the regulation and storage capacity of upstream reservoirs is maximized. It may reduce the flood peak of the downstream river, improve the safety guarantee of the project, strengthen the communication with the local, guide public opinion, and reduce the risk of flood control and dam break.
Environment and Ecology
In accordance with the higher principle standard of China and Laos, the project implements relevant laws and regulations on environmental protection, as well as the environmental responsibility clause in the franchise agreement. It builds an environmental management system, and carries out environmental protection and ecological restoration work. It Set up the ecological environment leading group, established the PDCA (Planning-Implementation-Inspection-improvement) environmental management process and the ecological and environmental protection compliance list. It issued the Overall Implementation Plan of Ecological and environmental Protection work, the Standardized Map of environmental protection Facilities, the Biodiversity Compensation Plan and the environmental restoration work plan of the power station. It strengthened environmental management, reduced fish fishing, and released fish fry every year, so far it released nearly 700,000 fish fry. Carried out public welfare activities on Arbor Day, Earth Day, Environment Day and others, and actively carry out publicity, education and training to enhance public awareness of the importance of biodiversity. The Nam Ou I HPP is only 45km away from the World cultural Heritage city of Luang Prabang. The project takes functional, aesthetic and environmental requirements into consideration, and carries out targeted landscape design to create a tourist area for visiting and leisure. The project has played a positive role in ensuring farmland irrigation, reducing soil erosion, reducing burning and vegetation felling, and Keeping ecological balance and biodiversity.
Economic and Social Contributions
As the backbone power supply in the northern region of Laos, the project will account for 28% of the total installed capacity in Laos after it is fully put into operation. It provides green, safe and stable power supply for Laos, significantly improving power shortage, promoting grid upgrading and power interconnection, helping Laos to build a "Southeast Asian battery" and turning resource advantages into economic advantages. To promote the localization of employees, vigorously train local professional and technical talents, and promote the improvement of labor skills, a total of more than 8,000 jobs are provided. Through localized procurement, Lao enterprises are supported to participate in the construction, thus promotes the development of road maintenance, special equipment testing, cross-border logistics and other industries.
The project adopts the development mode of "one reservoir with seven levels", gives full play to the storage regulation function of cascade hydropower stations. It effectively changes the annual and interannual distribution of runoff, and achieves the effect of "storing abundant and replenishing dry". It increasing runoff and improving water resource utilization rate during dry season, reducing peak flood discharge during flood season. By flood control and drought relief, it has brought great economic and social benefits to people's life and property safety. Implementation the strategy of localized development, integrate into local areas, take root in Laos, fulfill corporate social responsibilities, help improve people's livelihood and benefit local people. The project involves 2 provinces and 10 counties, resettling more than 2,300 families and more than 12,600 people. Respecting the habits and characteristics of the original residence, 30 resettlement sites are scientifically selected, carefully planned and built with high standards.500 kilometers of roads of various types, more than 30 Bridges, more than 30 schools, 28 temples, and village offices, primary schools, clinics, trading markets, water supply and other supporting facilities have been built to improve local education, health and villagers' self-governance conditions. Implementation of Langcang Mekong Cooperation(LMC) projects, clean water sources, transform fields, plant trees, help residents along the river improve their production and living standards, and promote the harmonious development of local society.
The project adopts the development mode of "one reservoir with seven levels", gives full play to the storage regulation function of cascade hydropower stations. It effectively changes the annual and interannual distribution of runoff, and achieves the effect of "storing abundant and replenishing dry". It increasing runoff and improving water resource utilization rate during dry season, reducing peak flood discharge during flood season. By flood control and drought relief, it has brought great economic and social benefits to people's life and property safety. Implementation the strategy of localized development, integrate into local areas, take root in Laos, fulfill corporate social responsibilities, help improve people's livelihood and benefit local people. The project involves 2 provinces and 10 counties, resettling more than 2,300 families and more than 12,600 people. Respecting the habits and characteristics of the original residence, 30 resettlement sites are scientifically selected, carefully planned and built with high standards.500 kilometers of roads of various types, more than 30 Bridges, more than 30 schools, 28 temples, and village offices, primary schools, clinics, trading markets, water supply and other supporting facilities have been built to improve local education, health and villagers' self-governance conditions. Implementation of Langcang Mekong Cooperation(LMC) projects, clean water sources, transform fields, plant trees, help residents along the river improve their production and living standards, and promote the harmonious development of local society.